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ASTM D4823-1995(2008) 浸没的非固结沉积物芯样取样的标准指南

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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforCoreSamplingSubmerged,UnconsolidatedSediments
【原文标准名称】:浸没的非固结沉积物芯样取样的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMD4823-1995(2008)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1995
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D19.07
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:coredistortion;coresamplers;freezecoresamplers;grabsamplers;pistonsamplers;samplingerrors;sedimentsampling;surfacesamplers;vibratorysamplers;Biologicaldataanalysis--waterapplications;Compactionmeasurement;Unconsolidatedsediments
【摘要】:1.1Thisguidecoverscore-samplingterminology,advantagesanddisadvantagesofdifferenttypesofcoresamplers,core-distortionsthatmayoccurduringsampling,techniquesfordetectingandminimizingcoredistortions,andmethodsfordissectingandpreservingsedimentcores.1.2Inthisguide,samplingproceduresandequipmentaredividedintothefollowingcategoriesbasedonwaterdepth:samplingindepthsshallowerthan0.5m,samplingindepthsbetween0.5mand10m,andsamplingindepthsexceeding10m.Eachcategoryisdividedintotwosections:equipmentforcollectingshortcoresandequipmentforcollectinglongcores.1.3Thisguideemphasizesgeneralprinciples.Onlyinafewinstancesarestep-by-stepinstructionsgiven.Becausecoresamplingisafield-basedoperation,methodsandequipmentmustusuallybemodifiedtosuitlocalconditions.Thismodificationprocessrequirestwoessentialingredients:operatorskillandjudgment.Neithercanbereplacedbywrittenrules.1.4Drawingsofsamplersareincludedtoshowsizesandproportions.Thesesamplersareofferedprimarilyasexamples(orgenericrepresentations)ofequipmentthatcanbepurchasedcommerciallyorbuiltfromplansintechnicaljournals.1.5Thisguideisabriefsummaryofpublishedscientificarticlesandengineeringreports.Thesereferencesarelistedinthisguide.Thesedocumentsprovideoperationaldetailsthatarenotgiveninthisguidebutareneverthelessessentialtothesuccessfulplanningandcompletionofcoresamplingprojects.1.6Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.Forspecificwarningstatements,see6.3and11.5.
【中国标准分类号】:P13
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:14P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforBackgroundSubtractionTechniquesinAugerElectronSpectroscopyandX-rayPhotoelectronSpectroscopy
【原文标准名称】:螺旋电子光谱法和X射线光电光谱法中减去背景技术的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTME995-2004
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2004
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E42.03
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:金属;光学;精整;原子吸收分光光度测定法;心土;光谱学;表面;螺旋电子光谱法
【英文主题词】:Augerelectronspectroscopy;backgroundsubtraction;surfaceanalysis;X-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy
【摘要】:BackgroundsubtractiontechniquesinAESwereoriginallyemployedasamethodofenhancementoftherelativelyweakAugersignalstodistinguishthemfromtheslowlyvaryingbackgroundofsecondaryandbackscatteredelectrons.InterestinobtainingusefulinformationfromtheAugerpeaklineshape,concernforgreaterquantitativeaccuracyfromAugerspectra,andimprovementsindatagatheringtechniques,haveledtothedevelopmentofvariousbackgroundsubtractiontechniques.Similarly,theuseofbackgroundsubtractiontechniquesinXPShasevolvedmainlyfromtheinterestinthedeterminationofchemicalstates(bindingenergyvalues),greaterquantitativeaccuracyfromtheXPSspectra,andimprovementsindataacquisition.Post-acquisitionbackgroundsubtractionisnormallyappliedtoXPSdata.TheproceduresoutlinedarepopularinXPSandAES.Generalreviewsofbackgroundsubtractiontechniqueshavebeenpublished(1and2).31.1Thepurposeofthisguideistofamiliarizetheanalystwiththeprincipalbackgroundsubtractiontechniquespresentlyinusetogetherwiththenatureoftheirapplicationtodataacquisitionandmanipulation.1.2Thisguideisintendedtoapplytobackgroundsubtractioninelectron,X-ray,andion-excitedAugerelectronspectroscopy(AES),andX-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy(XPS).1.3Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:H26
【国际标准分类号】:17_180_30
【页数】:4P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:Faulttreeanalysis(FTA)(IEC61025:2006);GermanversionEN61025:2007
【原文标准名称】:误差树分析(FAT)(IEC61025-2006)
【标准号】:DINEN61025-2007
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:2007-08
【实施或试行日期】:2007-08-01
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:分析;缺陷评定;定义;名称与符号;电气工程;误差分析;误差检测;误差树;误差树分析;图形符号;干扰;可靠度;统计学;符号
【英文主题词】:Analysis;Assessmentofdefects;Definition;Definitions;Designations;Electricalengineering;Erroranalysis;Errordetection;Faulttree;Faulttreeanalysis;Graphicsymbols;Interferences;Reliability;Statistics;Symbols
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:K04
【国际标准分类号】:29_020
【页数】:50P.;A4
【正文语种】:德语